Tarvitsin lisää keltaisia joilla saisin indigon kanssa hyviä vihreitä ja kun aiemmin olen värjännyt vain tuoreilla koivun lehdillä, nyt tein kokeilun kuivatuilla koivun lehdillä. Koivun lehtiä on perinteisesti käytetty Suomessa (vai koko pohjoismaissa?) värjäykseen, ja niiden sisältämien väriaineiden pitäisi olla kestäviä. Löysin suomalaisen tutkimuksen vuodelta 2003: Valkama: Comparative analysis of leaf trichome structure and composition of epicuticular flavonoids in Finnish birch species, ja siinä oli mielenkiintoista minulle, että rauduskoivun ja hieskoivun flavonoideissa on eroja. Rauduskoivun (Betula pendula) lehtien pintakerroksessa oli vain kuutta flavoidia, joista tutuimpia värjäyksessä ovat apigeniini ja luteoliinin johdannaiset, kun sen sijaan hieskoivulla (Betula pubescens) oli 13 erilaista flavonoidia, joista tutuimpia apigeniini, kaempferoli ja niiden johdannaiset, mutta sen sijaan siitä EI löytynyt luteoliinin johdannaisia. Voisiko tämä vaikuttaa eri koivulajien lehtien antamaan väriin ja niiden kestoon? Toisaalta ehkä flavonoideja on lisää muualla lehdissä?
IN ENGLISH
I needed more yellows to dye green together with blue and when I have always earlier dyed with fresh birch leaves, I now experimented dyeing with dried birch leaves. Birch leaves are traditionally used for dyeing in Finland (and perhaps in all Scandinavia?), and they should give quite fast colors. I found a Finnish study from 2003: Valkama: Comparative analysis of leaf trichome structure and composition of epicuticular flavonoids in Finnish birch species, and there was interesting bit about differences in flavonoids in silver birch (Betula pendula) and downy birch (Betula pubescens). In silver birch there were only six different flavonoids in the leaf surface, most familiar to dyer were apigenin and luteolin derivatives, when in downy birch there were 13 different flavonoids, most familiar apigenin and kaempferol and their derivatives, but NOT luteolin derivatives. Could this difference be visible in colors the leaves of different birches give and their fastness? On the other hand, perhaps there are more flavonoids in the other parts of the leaves?
Nämä olivat kuivattuja enimmäkseen rauduskoivun lehtiä pohjois Suomesta, kerätty kesäkuun alussa ennen juhannusta. Liotin lehtiä yön yli lisäten lorauksen tuhkalipeää liotusveteen. Seuraavana päivänä haudutin lehtiä, juuri ja juuri kiehuen, kolme tuntia. Ensimmäisen tunnin jälkeen liemi oli vielä aika vaaleaa, mutta kolmen tunnin jälkeen se oli tumman punaruskeaa.
Lehtiä oli 200g ja lisäsin siivilöityyn liemeen 100g aluna-viinikivipuretettua lankaa ja värjäsin tunnin 70-80°C. Värjätessä liemen pH oli neutraali. Tuloksena on ylempi keltaisempi lanka. Odotin värin olevan kylmemmän/vihreämmän keltainen, mitä olen saanut kesällä tuoreilla lehdillä, mutta tämä oli melko lämmin keltainen.
Liemi näytti edelleen tummalta, joten seuraavana päivänä laitoin siihen 60g lisää lankaa ja yllätyksekseni siitä tuli tummempi ja punertavan keltainen! Sellainen, mitä olisin voinut saada vaikka daaliankukista. Lisäksi sain kaksi päivää myöhemmin vielä 100g samasta liemestä samaa punakeltaista. Ja liemessä näyttää edelleen olevan väriä.
Näitä koivunlehtiä on nyt myös pieni erä kaupassa.
IN ENGLISH
These dried leaves were mostly from silver birches from northern Finland, collected and dried in early June before Midsummer. I soaked the leaves overnight, and had added a glug of wood ash lye to the soaking water. The next day I simmered them for three hours. After the first hour the bath still looked quite pale, so I continued to simmer until after three hours the bath was dark reddish brown. I strained the bath.
I had 200grams of dry leaves, and I first dyed 100grams of alum/cream of tartar mordanted wool for one hour in 70-80°C. The pH of the bath was neutral. The result was the upper yellow color. I had expected it to be more greenish (cold) yellow, but it is very nice warm color, good for greens with indigo.
The bath was still dark, so the next day I put 60grams of yarn in it and dyed for one hour, again not over 80°C, and to my surprise got even darker and more reddish yellow color than the first time (the yarn below)! This color was something I would have expected to get for instance from dahlia flowers.
After two days, I got another 100grams of the same second reddish yellow color from the same bath.
And the bath still looks dark..
I have a small amount of these birch leaves also in my shop now.
Parin kuukauden päästä täytyy tutkia näitä takapihallamme kasvavia koivuja kumpia ne ovat:). Näiden tuoreilla lehdillä olen aiemmin värjännyt ja saanut eri sävyistä keltaista. Mieheni epäili niiden olevan hieskoivuja, mutta ei hänkään ollut katsonut niitä sen tarkemmin.
Next summer I will have to look closer to these birches growing behind our house, to identify which birches they are:) I have dyed with fresh leaves from these threes, and gotten different shade of yellow. DH suspected them to be downy birches, but even he hadn't took notice of their exact species.
Ihania auringonkeltaisia! Oikeita väriterapialankoja :-D
ReplyDeleteCongratulations! Fine yellows!
ReplyDeleteLovely yellows! And the colours obtained from fresh leaves - do they differ much?
ReplyDeleteTuoreilla lehdillä tulee tosiaan aika paljon kylmemmän sävyistä keltaista, jopa vähän räikeää, jos väriä on liemessä runsaasti. Mielenkiintoinen kokeilu tämä kuivilla lehdillä värjäys.
ReplyDeleteThanks:)
ReplyDeleteLadka, the yellow which I have gotten from fresh leaves was kind of cold yellow, little greenish, like something I will get from weld or heather gives also that kind of yellow. This is more golden yellow, but I don't know if it is because of the drying or the species of birches, or that I now added wood ash lye to the soaking water. I now use this method always when dyeing with dried green dyestuffs and sometimes even with fresh plants, and I get much better results. But I always make sure the bath is neutral when I put the yarns to the bath.
Pia, niin mäkin olen saanut tuoreilla jopa sellaista neonkeltaista keväällä, toisaalta se on kyllä hyvä väri sinisten kanssa. Tästä lämpimämmästä tulee helposti turkoosia sinisten kanssa eikä vihreää.
it will be interesting to see the green when you top dye with indigo. I have just experimented with the bark of mahonia aquifolium and top dyeing with indigo. A very pleased with the results. Pictures on my blog.
ReplyDeleteSo beautiful! Love them! :)
ReplyDeleteThanks:)
ReplyDeleteI I'm dyeing blue today and tomorrow and then I'll mordant and dye them again with birch leaves yellow, I like to do it in that order, but I had to see what kind of yellow these dried leaves would give me. The first clear yellow will be nice with blue, but I'm not sure how the second reddish yellow would be, so I'll propably only use the first yellow with the blues:)
Your mahonia and indigo gave really nice green, I love that shade. I have a small mahonia bush, not enough to harvest for several years, I'm afraid:(
well if there's something you'll always have plenty is birch leaves:)
ReplyDeletevery beautiful clear yellow. curious about the redish one with indigo. teal perhaps ?
Yep, we don't have shortage of birches:)
ReplyDeleteBeautiful yellows! Congrats
ReplyDeleteVery beautiful yellows, especially the second bunch.
ReplyDeleteI'm looking forward to experimenting with birch leaves. (And indigo...this summer must NOT pass without me dyeing with indigo!!!)
Lovely yellows you're getting with these leaves. If your end aim is green, did you know that the very young birch leaves give a green dye. I tried with leaves which were just about a week out and it gave me a nice yellow green.
ReplyDeleteSee here: http://waysofthewhorl.wordpress.com/2011/05/15/natural-dyeing-take-5-leaves-and-berries/
I have access to black birch leaves and am wondering if anyone has experience with them? I can't find anything on the internet about them. Thank you!
ReplyDeleteI don't know about black birch (Betula nigra), it doesn't grow here, but as all three native birches here give yellow from their leaves, I would try also black birch leaves:)
DeleteInteresting results. Black and yellow fiber blend into a beautiful forest green. Perhaps try overdyeing with black and see what happens
ReplyDelete